ASTM E895-1989(2008) 水溶液中有机化合物的水解率常数测定的标准作法
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【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforDeterminationofHydrolysisRateConstantsofOrganicChemicalsinAqueousSolutions
【原文标准名称】:水溶液中有机化合物的水解率常数测定的标准作法
【标准号】:ASTME895-1989(2008)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1989
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E47.04
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Aqueousenvironments;Degradation--environmentalmaterials/applications;Environmentalorganiccompounds;Firstorderreactionkinetics;Half-life(organicchemicals);Hydrolysis;Organiccompounds--water;Organicmattercontent;Rateofhydrolysis;Water
【摘要】:Hydrolysisisoneofseveralfactorswhichmayinfluencethedegradationoforganicchemicalsintheenvironment.Hydrolysismaybethedominantpathwayforthetransformationofmanychemicals.Hydrolysiskineticsare,therefore,anecessarycomponentofanymathematicalmodeltodeterminethefateofchemicalsintheenvironment(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10).1.1Thispracticedescribesspecificproceduresforobtainingsolutionhydrolysisrateconstantsandhalf-livesoforganicchemicalsthatmayentertheaquaticenvironment.1.2Solutionhydrolysisdataareobtainedinsterile,bufferedwaterusinglaboratorystudiesinwhichtheconcentrationofachemicalasafunctionoftimeismeasured.1.3Afour-tieredapproachisdescribed.Thetestingproceduresaredesignedtoprovidebasicandeasilyobtainableinformationinthefirsttier.Moredetailedandcostlyexperimentsareproposedinsubsequenttiers.Thisapproachismorecosteffectivethanonewhichprovidesfornosequentialassessment.1.4Sincealldetailsarenotcoveredinthispractice,successfulexecutionofthedescribedtestswillrequiresometrainingorexperienceintheareaofhydrolysis.Familiaritywiththematerialinthereferencesisessential.1.5Thispracticedescribeslaboratorystudies.Itisnotdesignedtoprovidedatadirectlyapplicabletotheenvironment.Extrapolationstospecificenvironmentalsituationsmayrequireadditionaldataortestsnotincludedinthispractice.1.6Thispracticedoesnotconsiderthepossiblehydrolyticinfluencesofdissolvedorganicmatterorofadsorption/catalysisbysuspendedmaterial.1.7Thispracticeiswrittentominimizecompetitiveprocessessuchasoxidation,reduction,substitution,andmicrobialreactions.1.8Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:G04
【国际标准分类号】:71_080_01
【页数】:5P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【原文标准名称】:水溶液中有机化合物的水解率常数测定的标准作法
【标准号】:ASTME895-1989(2008)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1989
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E47.04
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Aqueousenvironments;Degradation--environmentalmaterials/applications;Environmentalorganiccompounds;Firstorderreactionkinetics;Half-life(organicchemicals);Hydrolysis;Organiccompounds--water;Organicmattercontent;Rateofhydrolysis;Water
【摘要】:Hydrolysisisoneofseveralfactorswhichmayinfluencethedegradationoforganicchemicalsintheenvironment.Hydrolysismaybethedominantpathwayforthetransformationofmanychemicals.Hydrolysiskineticsare,therefore,anecessarycomponentofanymathematicalmodeltodeterminethefateofchemicalsintheenvironment(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10).1.1Thispracticedescribesspecificproceduresforobtainingsolutionhydrolysisrateconstantsandhalf-livesoforganicchemicalsthatmayentertheaquaticenvironment.1.2Solutionhydrolysisdataareobtainedinsterile,bufferedwaterusinglaboratorystudiesinwhichtheconcentrationofachemicalasafunctionoftimeismeasured.1.3Afour-tieredapproachisdescribed.Thetestingproceduresaredesignedtoprovidebasicandeasilyobtainableinformationinthefirsttier.Moredetailedandcostlyexperimentsareproposedinsubsequenttiers.Thisapproachismorecosteffectivethanonewhichprovidesfornosequentialassessment.1.4Sincealldetailsarenotcoveredinthispractice,successfulexecutionofthedescribedtestswillrequiresometrainingorexperienceintheareaofhydrolysis.Familiaritywiththematerialinthereferencesisessential.1.5Thispracticedescribeslaboratorystudies.Itisnotdesignedtoprovidedatadirectlyapplicabletotheenvironment.Extrapolationstospecificenvironmentalsituationsmayrequireadditionaldataortestsnotincludedinthispractice.1.6Thispracticedoesnotconsiderthepossiblehydrolyticinfluencesofdissolvedorganicmatterorofadsorption/catalysisbysuspendedmaterial.1.7Thispracticeiswrittentominimizecompetitiveprocessessuchasoxidation,reduction,substitution,andmicrobialreactions.1.8Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:G04
【国际标准分类号】:71_080_01
【页数】:5P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
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